When performing a physical exercise increase CO2 levels in the blood by the action of cellular respiration in muscle cells. The CO2 in the blood plasma is taken up by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) and with the H2O is converted to H2CO3 (carbonic acid), which being a weak acid, dissociates in water to H + and HCO3-. The protons travel via blood to the chemosensitive area in front of the medulla oblongata, it sends signals to the dorsal respiratory group and the latter sends signals to the respiratory muscles to increase respiratory rate and decrease blood CO2.
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